Barlow's Syndrome

Barlow's syndrome is a relatively common condition in which there is an abnormality of the mitral valve of the heart. This can sometimes lead to severe mitral regurgitation, in which blood leaks into the left atrium as a result of the incompetent valve during ventricular contraction. Barlow's syndrome is more common in people who suffer from diseases such as Graves' disease, Marfan's syndrome and rheumatic heart disease.

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What Causes Mitral Valve Prolapse?

The exact cause of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) isn't known. Most people who have the condition are born with it. MVP tends to run in families and is more common in people who were born with connective tissue disorders, such as Marfan syndrome.

The mitral valve can be abnormal in two ways. First, the valve flaps may be oversized and thickened. Second, the valve flaps may be "floppy." The tissue of the flaps and their supporting "strings" are too stretchy, and parts of the valve flop or bulge back into the atrium.

Some people's valves are abnormal in both ways. Either way can keep the valve from making a tight seal.

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Who Is At Risk for Mitral Valve Prolapse?

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) occurs in all age groups and in men and women. MVP with complications or severe symptoms most often occurs in men older than 50.

Certain conditions increase the risk for MVP, including:

• Connective tissue disorders, such as Marfan syndrome
• Scoliosis and other skeletal problems
• Some types of muscular dystrophy