Cardiomyopathy
In more than half of the cases of dilated cardiomyopathy, the cause isn't known. As many as one-third of the people who have dilated cardiomyopathy inherit it from their parents.
- What Is Cardiomyopathy?
- Types of Cardiomyopathy
- What Causes Cardiomyopathy?
- Risks, Signs and Symptoms
- How Is Cardiomyopathy Diagnosed?
- How Is Cardiomyopathy Treated?
- How Can Cardiomyopathy Be Prevented?
- Key points
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Who Is At Risk for Cardiomyopathy?
People of all ages can have cardiomyopathy. However, certain types of the disease are more common in certain groups.
Dilated cardiomyopathy is more common in African Americans than in Whites. This type of the disease also is more common in men than women.
Teens and young adults are more likely than older people to have arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, although it's rare in both groups.
Major Risk Factors
Certain diseases, conditions, or factors can raise your risk for cardiomyopathy. Major risk factors include:
- • A family history of cardiomyopathy, heart failure, or sudden cardiac arrest (SCA)
- • A disease or condition that can lead to cardiomyopathy, such as coronary artery disease, heart attack, or a viral infection that inflames the heart muscle
- • Diabetes, other metabolic diseases, or severe obesity
- • Diseases that can damage the heart, such as hemochromatosis, sarcoidosis, or amyloidosis
- • Long-term alcoholism
- • Long-term high blood pressure
Some people who have cardiomyopathy never have signs or symptoms. That's why it's important to identify people who may be at high risk for the disease. This can help prevent future problems, such as serious arrhythmias or SCA.
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What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Cardiomyopathy?
Some people who have cardiomyopathy never have signs or symptoms. Others don't have signs or symptoms in the early stages of the disease.
As cardiomyopathy worsens and the heart weakens, signs and symptoms of heart failure usually occur. These signs and symptoms include:
- • Shortness of breath or trouble breathing.
- • Fatigue (tiredness).
- • Swelling in the ankles, feet, legs, and abdomen. Rarely, swelling may occur in the veins of your neck.
Other signs and symptoms can include dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting during physical activity, chest pain, arrhythmias, and heart murmur (an extra or unusual sound heard during a heartbeat).


